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# Redhat/CentOS Linux
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install ansible
# Debian/Ubuntu Linux
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ansible
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# 生成ssh密钥
ssh-keygen
# 复制ssh密钥至远程节点
ssh-copy-id remote_user@remote_server
# 关闭ssh是否保存密码提示
ssh-keyscan remote_server >> ~/.ssh/know_hosts
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Host Inventory，主机清单配置文件，保存被管理主机信息
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# 默认配置文件：/etc/ansible/hosts
# 示例
[all]
192.168.60.22
192.168.60.23
[webservers]
one.webserver.com
two.webserver.com
[dbservers]
one.database.com
two.database.com
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ansible <host-pattern> [option]
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1.检查管理主机是否可以访问
2.执行命令
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ansible all -a "/bin/echo hello world"
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3.复制文件
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ansible webservers -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/tmp/hosts"
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4.安装软件包
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ansible webservers -m yum -a "name=acme state=present"
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5.添加用户
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ansible all -m user -a "name=someone password=<crypted password>"
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6.启动服务
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ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=started"
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7.查看获取到的远程主机信息
ansible 脚本名字叫做playbook，使用yaml格式
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ansible-playbook demo.yml
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- hosts: 被管理主机ip，主机清单中的主机组，全部主机all
- remote_user: 已某个用户身份执行
- vars: 变量
- tasks: 定义顺序执行的action，每个action调用一个模块，playbook核心
- action语法: module: module_parameter=module_value
- 常用模块: yum、copy、template等，相当于bash脚本中的yum、copy等命令
- handers: playbook 的事件处理操作，仅在被action触发时执行，多次触发只执行一次，且按照声明顺序执行
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---
- hosts: webservers
vars:
http_port: 80
max_clients: 200
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ensure apache is at the latest version
yum: pkg=httpd state=latest
- name: write the apache config file
template: src=/srv/httpd.j2 dest=/etc/httpd.conf
notify:
- restart apache
- name: ensure apache is running
service: name=httpd state=started
handlers:
- name: restart apache
service: name=httpd state=restarted
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